By Brazil Stock Guide – Brazil’s Federal Revenue Service (RFB) has issued new rules aimed at cracking down on fraud in import operations, particularly schemes that hide the true importer, seller, or buyer. The measures, published in the Diário Oficial da União on September 24, 2025, tighten oversight of petroleum, derivatives, ethanol, and methanol imports.
The new regulation — RFB Ordinance No. 583/2025 — gives priority to customs risk management when fraud is suspected, strengthens cooperation with tax and law enforcement agencies, and authorizes specialized enforcement teams to conduct on-site inspections. The rules also allow cargo retention in cases of irregularities, with potential forfeiture of goods.
A major shift affects early customs clearance for fuel and hydrocarbons, which now requires formal approval from the Customs Administration Directorate (Coana). Existing authorizations will expire on December 31, 2025, and can be revoked earlier. Companies certified as Authorized Economic Operators (AEOs) may receive exemptions.
The ordinance reflects growing government concerns over tax evasion, smuggling, and shell-company schemes in fuel imports. While stricter compliance burdens could raise costs and risks for smaller traders, AEO-certified importers with strong compliance systems stand to benefit.